Robinson's Podcast

Priyamvada Natarajan is the Joseph S. and Sophia S. Fruton Professor of Astronomy and Professor of Physics at Yale University, where she is also the Chair of Astronomy. Priya researches broadly across astrophysics and cosmology; some topics she has worked on include gravitational lensing, black hole physics, the philosophy of science, and dark matter. In this conversation, Priya and Robinson largely stick to the latter. They discuss her interest in cosmology writ large, as well as how the scientific community tackles the unknown. Priya’s most recent book is Mapping the Heavens: The Radical Scientific Ideas that Reveal the Cosmos (Yale, 2016).

Mapping the Heavens: https://a.co/d/02HPcMB1

OUTLINE
00:00 A Paradox of Cosmology
06:16 Investigating Invisibilia
11:25 The Sociology of Astrophysics
16:52 Phenomenology in Physics
19:47 What Is the Mystery of Dark Matter?
29:07 The Problem of Dark Energy
36:38 Models and Simulations
46:17 Modifying the Standard Model to Explain Dark Matter
58:20 The Crisis in Dark Matter
01:12:22 Alternative Explanations of Dark Matter
01:19:51 Fine-Tuning and the Multiverse
01:25:24 Black Holes

Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University, where he is also a JD candidate in the Law School.

Tim Maudlin is Professor of Philosophy at NYU and Founder and Director of the John Bell Institute for the Foundations of Physics. In this episode, Robinson and Tim discuss the nature of philosophy. More particularly, they discuss philosophy’s origin, its connections to physics, what characterizes some of its well-known sub disciplines, and some of its biggest problems. If you’re interested in the foundations of physics, then please check out the JBI, which is devoted to providing a home for research and education in this important area. Any donations are immensely helpful at this early stage in the institute’s life.

Tim’s Website: www.tim-maudlin.site

The John Bell Institute: https://www.johnbellinstitute.org

OUTLINE
00:00 The Beginning of Philosophy
06:53 Where Physics and Philosophy Diverged
14:07 Quantum Gravity
18:30 Physicists and Philosophers on Space and Time
23:10 Is Metaphysics Different From Physics?
34:54 Why Don’t Universities Have Departments of Metaphysics?
49:27 Are Numbers Real?
01:07:50 What Are Continental and Analytic Philosophy?
01:14:58 The Age-Old Puzzle of the Statue and the Clay
01:28:05 What Is Epistemology?
01:38:57 Is the World Around Us an Illusion?
01:49:13 What Are the Biggest Open Problems in Philosophy?
01:57:00 A John Bell Institute Update

Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University, where he is also a JD candidate in the Law School.

Craig Callender is Professor of Philosophy and Co-Director of the Institute for Practical Ethics at UC San Diego, where he is a leading philosopher of science and physics. Craig also appeared on episode 73, in which he and Robinson discussed pseudoscience and conspiracy theories, and epidote 114, where he, Robinson, and Tim Maudlin discussed the philosophy of time, including the reality of the past, present, and future, the direction of time, its relationship to relativity and quantum mechanics, and time travel. In this episode, Robinson and Craig turn to a different assortment of topics. They talk about disinformation, lab-grown meat, de-extinction, scientific communication, quantum mechanics, and the Tolman-Ehrenfest Effect.

Craig’s Website: https://www.craigcallender.com

OUTLINE
00:00 Craig’s Interest in Lab-Grown Meat
04:25 Disinformation and the Philosophy of Science
18:18 The Root of the Error
23:43 The Importance of Science Communication
31:12 What Is De-Extinction?
47:28 What Is the Tolman-Ehrenfest Effect?
1:00:00 Tolman-Ehrenfest, Continued
01:15:07 A Philosopher’s Perspective
01:23:05 What Is The Problem with Quantum Mechanics?
01:24:56 What’s the Best Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics?

Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com

Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University, where he is also a JD candidate in the Law School.

Nate Soares is the President of the Machine Intelligence Research Institute, and plays a central role in setting MIRI’s vision and strategy. Soares has been working in the field for over a decade, and is the author of a large body of technical and semi-technical writing on AI alignment, including foundational work on value learning, decision theory, and power-seeking incentives in smarter-than-human AIs. Prior to MIRI, Soares worked as an engineer at Google and Microsoft, as a research associate at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and as a contractor for the US Department of Defense. In this episode, Nate and Robinson discuss the problems of AI from the ground up. They touch on how AI is trained, why it will surpass human intelligence, why this is dangerous, how it could wipe out humankind, and more. Nate’s recent book, co-written with Eliezer Yudkowsky, is If Anyone Builds It, Everyone Dies (Little, Brown and Company, 2025).

If Anyone Builds It, Everyone Dies

Nate’s X: https://x.com/So8res

MIRI: https://intelligence.org

OUTLINE
00:00 Nate’s Existential Dread
07:11 What’s the REAL Problem with Artificial Intelligence?
11:39 How Is AI Trained?
17:15 The Vital Importance of Interpreting AI
20:53 Why AI Will Soon Surpass Human Intelligence
32:58 Why Solving the AI Alignment Problem is Crucial to Human Survival
38:40 Will AI Render Human Software Engineers Obsolete?
48:03 Does It Make Sense to Say AI Has Goals?
01:00:02 Why AI Consciousness Is Unimportant
01:11:33 How, Realistically, Could AI Wipe Out Humanity?
01:35:27 A Sci-Fi (But Realistic) AI Doomsday Scenario
01:44:34 Is There Hope that Humans Will Survive AI?

Norman's Upcoming Book, Gaza's Gravediggers: https://orbooks.com/catalog/gazas-gravediggers/

Norman Finkelstein received his PhD from the Princeton University Politics Department, and is best known for his research on Israel and Palestine.  Norman also appeared on episodes 192, 218, 228, 244, and 250, where he addressed the facts and fictions generated by the Israel-Hamas War, October 6th, allegations of genocide and apartheid, Hezbollah, the Holocaust, and more. In this episode, Robinson and Norman discuss Trump, Netanyahu, Putin, the wars in Ukraine and Iran, and more. Norman’s new book is Gaza’s Gravediggers: An Inquiry into Corruption in High Places (OR Books, 2026).

Norman’s Website: https://www.normanfinkelstein.com

OUTLINE
00:00 No Investigation, No Right to Speak
02:15 Why the War with Iran is Unjustified
09:07 Israel Violated Article II of the UN Charter
13:44 Will the Iran War the End the World in Nuclear War?
21:03 Why Trump Is Underestimating Iran
30:55 How Israel and the United States Tried to Deceive the World About Iran
38:27 Is Israel’s Mentality “Homicidal”?
44:43 What’s Less Justified: Putin’s War on Ukraine or Netanyahu’s on Iran?
01:00:00 More on Ukraine
01:12:31 What Should We Make of Joe Kent?
01:21:00 More on Kent

Robinson’s Website: http://robinsonerhardt.com

Robinson Erhardt researches symbolic logic and the foundations of mathematics at Stanford University, where he is also a JD candidate in the Law School.